Excretory Disorders: Nephritis & Kidney Stones

Understanding Nephritis

Nephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys. It affects the kidney's ability to filter waste from the blood efficiently.

• Causes: Infections, autoimmune diseases, and toxins can lead to nephritis.
• Symptoms: Swelling, high blood pressure, and the presence of blood or protein in urine.
• Treatment: Medications to reduce inflammation and control blood pressure, and in severe cases, dialysis.

Understanding Kidney Stones

Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside the kidneys.

• Causes: Dehydration, certain diets, and genetic factors.
• Symptoms: Severe pain, blood in urine, and nausea.
• Treatment: Drinking plenty of water, pain relievers, and medical procedures to remove or break down stones.

How Kidney Function is Affected

• Filtration: Both conditions can impair the kidney's ability to filter blood effectively.
• Waste Removal: Accumulation of waste products in the body can occur if the kidneys are not functioning properly.
• Fluid Balance: Disruption in fluid balance can lead to swelling and high blood pressure.