Copper and Its Compounds

Introduction to Copper

Copper is a reddish-brown metal known for its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. It is widely used in electrical wiring, plumbing, and the production of alloys.

Properties of Copper

• Conductivity: Excellent conductor of electricity and heat.
• Malleability: Can be easily shaped and bent.
• Ductility: Can be drawn into thin wires.
• Corrosion Resistance: Forms a protective layer of copper oxide when exposed to air.

Copper Compounds

Copper forms various compounds, each with unique properties and uses. Let's explore some common copper compounds:

Copper(II) Sulfate (CuSO₄)

• Appearance: Blue crystalline solid.
• Uses: Used in agriculture as a fungicide and in chemistry for electroplating and as a reagent.
• Solubility: Soluble in water, forming a blue solution.

Copper(II) Oxide (CuO)

• Appearance: Black solid.
• Uses: Used in ceramics, as a pigment, and in the production of other copper compounds.
• Reactivity: Reacts with acids to form copper salts.

Copper(II) Chloride (CuCl₂)

• Appearance: Green crystalline solid.
• Uses: Used in dyeing and printing textiles, as a catalyst, and in the production of other chemicals.
• Solubility: Soluble in water, forming a green solution.

Worked Example