Niche Concept in Ecology

What is a Niche?

In ecology, a niche refers to the role or function of an organism or species within an ecosystem. It includes how an organism interacts with its environment, including its habitat, resource use, and contribution to the ecosystem.

For example:

• The niche of a mosquito includes its role as a pollinator and as a food source for other animals, as well as its habitat in stagnant water.
• The maize weevil's niche involves feeding on stored grains, affecting agriculture and food storage.

Components of a Niche

• Habitat: The physical environment where an organism lives.
• Food: The type of food an organism consumes and how it obtains it.
• Interactions: Relationships with other organisms, such as predation, competition, and symbiosis.
• Reproduction: How and where an organism reproduces.

Examples of Niches

Example 1: Adult Mosquito

The adult mosquito's niche includes:

• Habitat: Near stagnant water where they lay eggs.
• Food: Nectar and blood (for females).
• Role: Pollinators and prey for birds and bats.

Example 2: Maize Weevil

The maize weevil's niche includes:

• Habitat: Stored grains and seeds.
• Food: Feeds on maize and other grains.
• Impact: Pests that affect food storage and agriculture.